Javier Crespo Essays - Physical Attractiveness, Behavior

Javier Crespo Essays - Physical Attractiveness, Behavior Javier Crespo Professor Cronk 10 December 2016 Final Paper Which Facial Features are Attractive For the experiment I chose to partake in, Julia Carlota Batres and Professor David I. Perrett from the University of St. Andrews put me through several stages of questions, followed by hands-on editing of the human face in an effort to decipher which facial features I, or anyone involved in the study found more attractive. The test took no more than 15 minutes, with relatively easy questions surrounding the main experiment, which I was very anxious to try attempt. At first, I answered a few simple questions regarding my information. Some questions were oddly specific (I was asked if I was in a relationship, sexual preference, my race, etc.), so I wondered if this by any chance changed the way I was questioned. I was then asked to put a number, 1 through 5; 1 meaning not at all and 5 being frequently: how often have I felt a specific emotion in the past couple of weeks. Emotions such as excited, scared, happy, lazy, and fearful were among the emotions listed. As I filled out the qu estionnaire, I couldn't help but wonder why a study based on facial preference was asking me questions based on my feelings; but I continued on. The next part of the test was the fun part. I was asked to perform the task of editing the faces of 20 different women until I thought they were most attractive. As I slid the mouse from left to right, the anonymous woman's face would distort. Scroll to the left and the woman's face cleared up of any skin condition, her neck was much skinnier and any slight eye bags would disappear. Slide it back to the right and the woman would age drastically, with heavy eye bags and more masculine facial structures such as a protruding supraorbital ridge, broader shoulders, and more defined trapezius muscles. I scrolled and clicked through the 20 different transforming images assuming I was done; not quite yet. The final part of the test consisted of 30 words with missing letters (ex. R_D_O), and I was tasked to complete the first word that came to mind that successfully filled in the blanks. Again, I was rather confused by the questions at hand. Upon searching up the names of Batres and Prof. Perrett, I came across an article published by Perrett describing the findings of this experiment. The article, published by the journal Ethology, is a comprehensive article describing patterns and discrepancies based on the results of those who voluntarily took the test online and studies on students at an army training camp. It very quickly started to make sense why I was asked personal questions regarding my information and recent emotions. It wasn't very difficult to understand that the personal questions were intended to compare and contrast people with similar answers. For example, I was instantly paired with heterosexual males, and I was then grouped with people who were feeling similar emotions as I was to find connections between emotion, environment, and the influence one's surroundings has on facial preference. This study was ultimately trying to prove that personal preference varies based on surroundings. This theory, h owever, is a major debate with many different theories on what truly influences facial preferences. Does evolutionary preference lose influence with societal standards? Are societal standards too vague of a subject to have such direct influence on facial preference? Through their study, Batres and Perrett have theorized that this question has more to do with immediate environmental and emotional conditions. The results proved that although environmental and emotional conditions do in fact influence facial preference, it was also evident the evolutionary preferences were prominent in selecting facial preferences under stress. This ended up narrowing down societal influence to a much more exact reason. At the culmination of the study, Professor Perrett and Batres came to the conclusion that the students at the training camp preferred more feminine faces for males, hinting that even before the training, students were inclined to pick more trustworthy features (feminine features) for men. An even more precise result was that males in harsher environments showed tendencies of choosing faces that appeared to

The correlation between race and child obesity Research Paper

The correlation between race and child obesity - Research Paper Example Many researches have been carried out to understand the reason behind the increase in prevalence of obesity among children. The aim of this paper is to compare two articles discussing the research about the role of racial background in the development of obesity among children. The validity of the information in an article depends not only on the credentials of the author but also on the efforts taken by the author to reach the depth of the topic discussed. The two articles that are included in the study are: 1) â€Å"Racial and Ethnic Differentials in Overweight and Obesity Among 3-Year-Old Children† by Kimbro, Brooks-Gunn and McLanahan and, 2) â€Å"UCSF study finds racial gaps in child obesity† by Allday. The analysis of the articles â€Å"Racial and Ethnic Differentials in Overweight and Obesity Among 3-Year-Old Children† (by Kimbro, Brooks-Gunn and McLanahan) and â€Å"UCSF study finds racial gaps in child obesity† (by Allday), revealed that the racia l background is one of he major factors of development of obesity in a child as parents from different racial background harbor different beliefs about obesity and this influences the weight of a child. â€Å"Racial and Ethnic Differentials in Overweight and Obesity Among 3-Year-Old Children† by Kimbro, Brooks-Gunn and McLanahan, is an excellent article which provides an in depth information about the effect of racial background on the development of obesity in children. The authors of the article are qualified and have experience in the field of health science. The authors, Kimbro, Brooks-Gunn and McLanahan, are working with University of Wisconsin, Columbia University and Princeton University, respectively. Their experience has helped them to reach the depth of the topic by studying different aspects of children’s life which could affect the development of obesity in them. The study discussed in the article is comprehensive and is based on

History of Slavery in the Caribbean and West Africa Essay

History of Slavery in the Caribbean and West Africa - Essay Example In the strictest sense of the word, "slaves" are people who are not only owned, but are also not paid, and who have no rights. The word comes from Latin term sclavus, which is thought, was originally referring to slavs, peoples from Eastern Europe, including parts of the Byzantine Empire. However, the current usage of the word serfdom is not usually synonymous with slavery, because serfs are considered to have had some rights. The International Labor Organization (ILO) considers slavery as a form of forced labor. It defines "forced labor" to be "all work or service which is extracted from any person under the menace of any penalty and for which the said person has not offered himself voluntarily", albeit with certain exceptions: military service, convicts, emergencies and minor community services (Slavery). Historically, slaves were most of the time humans of a different ethnicity, nationality, religion, sex or race than the dominant or aspiration ally dominant group; typically taken prisoner because of warfare, capture meant death or slavery if no one paid ransom. Societies characterized by poverty, population pressures, and cultural and technological lag are frequently exporters of slaves to more developed nations (Slavery). In ancient times, Greco-Roman slavery may have been related to the practice of infanticide. Unwanted infants were exposed to nature to die; slave traders, who raised them as slaves, then often rescued these. In many cultures, persons convicted of serious crimes could be sold into slavery. The proceeds from this sale were often used to compensate the victims (Slavery). The Slave life The daily life of a slave was never easy. Slaves either work on the field or in the house for house slaves, all the cooking and cleaning was done by hand. They were often the ones to take care of any children of their master. Although slaves received better food in few times, their working days were longer because of lights in the house. Slaves who work in the fields work from day until dawn. The work was back breaking, and overseers often did not care if a slave was worked to death (Bushong).Until the early 1800, slaves were cheap. If one died, they would just go to the slave market and buy another one.If a slave was thought to be disrespectful or did not do their work correctly, punishment was often brutal. Being beaten or whipped becomes a normal experience for most slaves. One slave girl, who eventually escaped slavery, was hit in the head with something heavy that the overseer threw at her. She nearly died, but recovered after several months. She suffered from terrible headache s the rest of her life. Other slaves were punished with starvation, sold to a harder master, or possibly sent to a slave breaker (Bushong). Conditions aboard the slave ships were even harsher. Slaves were stuck into the hull and chained to one another in order to stop revolts. Only one out of five slaves will survive the journey from Africa to America. Slaves who caught up with incurable diseases such as smallpox will be immediately thrown overboard (Dowling). Those who survived the long harsh journey will face even more pain on the plantations. Many of the plantation owners had returned to Europe, leaving their holdings in America to be managed by overseers who were often unstable or unsavory. Upon arrival, family members are

Do not rock the boat! Essay Example for Free

Do not rock the boat! Essay Everybody has there own prospective on what a best friend is, from someone that makes them laugh, to simply somebody that just listens to their problems. In my eyes a best friend is a real friend, someone you can count on, someone that is always there for you when you need them the most. And that makes them a best friend in my book. Trying to find one is a different story. I have had my fair share of bad friendships they had me fooled that they were always there for me when all they had were bad intentions. At that point I had given up on the idea that there was someone in this world that I can trust, somebody that I can be myself around. Was I asking for too much? That all changed on September 11, 2010 at Kearny high school, in Ms. Cooks first period English class. It was quite a small room so it was very noticeable when someone walked thru those blue doors into the crowded room. One by one, I studied each new fresh faces walking into the class.Each facial expression sharing a nervous, curios, but exiting look. About twenty minutes after the late bell rang (that girl was always late to everything) a dark skinned, Indian looking, Mexican about 6’2 in height walked into the classroom. Her long wavy jet-black hair caught my attention first, then her bright brown oval eyes, thick bone structure, and her big bright blue Jansport backpack she was caring in her right hand. I have not seen a backpack that large since fifth grade and for a second, I thought we where back in Elementary school. To make my description about her more clear she looked like a thicker and taller version of Pocahontas. One of the Disney princesses I grew up watching as a little kid. Her name is Jocelyn Guzman-Diaz, a corny, full of life, girl that just moved from Oregon to San Diego, California to get closer to her father. Spring Break weekend of 2010, at Camp Managuay was the coldest weekend I ever had to endure. Cold rainy days, tree roaring nights, the smell of burning oak roasting in the fire pits, the feel of the ash against your face, and the sound embrassing of all the JROTC cadets tan combat boots crunching the crisp frozen grass to wake up to every morning, in our Camo uniforms. As cold and unpleasant as that sounds, that weekend was the best weekend I have ever had with my best  friend. With tons of and tummy hurting laughter moments we had along the way. Jocelyn and I got selected to go to camp Managuay, a woodsy campsite located about two hours away from Mesa college with our JROTC instructors and about eighty or so cadets. We arrived in a whale looking tour bus. It dropped us off in front of a huge dark green pine tree with blue tent sacks sped out on the dirt. We would stay up till one, two, even three in the morning laying in our cold hard tent cracking jokes knowing we would have to wake up at six o’ clock in the morning. I remember this specific moment where the instructors marched us down to the Managuay Lake to go canoeing. The wide, open enchanting lake felt as if I was in wonderland. We all took turns grabbing a bright yellow banana looking canoe. One by one canoes started plopping in the freezing water. Jocelyn is the most careless person in the world when it comes to following instructions and the first rule she breaks is DO NOT ROCK THE BOAT! She is in her boat singing and swaying her long wavy hair back and fourth. Then all of a sudden she swayed too far to the left and her met the water and the canoe met her head. I broke down In laughter. The more I looked at her the harder I laughed. It felt like I was going have a giggle attack! That moment had our trip. We forgot all about those cold, wintery, nights and the dirty, rough, uneven, tent floors. I chose to write about this day because despite the harsh conditions that we were faced with we made the best of it and had fun with it. We did not care how people were looking at us or how strange they thought we were because we were having the best time.

A Good Samaritan Law is Never a Good Idea Essay -- Argumentative Persu

A Good Samaritan Law is Never a Good Idea Less than one year ago, the largest television audience since the series finale of M*A *S*H tuned in to watch the last episode of Seinfeld As the nation watched, Jerry, Elaine, George, and Kramer said farewell with the arrest, trial, and conviction of violating a Good Samaritan law. While this made for a hilarious television show, this law itself seems to both contradict its essence as well as violate the right to freedom of choice of a citizen. The Good Samaritan law, which requires a bystander to provide aid to those who are in harm’s way if there is no apparent immediate danger to the bystander, encroaches upon the rights of a citizen. This law is an inexcusable violation of American civil liberties and should be stricken from the records, leaving only people’s moral compasses as their guide. The morality of this law is relatively simple: help those in trouble. Generally society seems to consider it a moral obligation to prevent the injury of another person, sometimes even at risk to one’s self. People who do not help others in need are frequently bad examples for the rest of the world. For example, in Charles Dickens’s classic A Christmas Carol, Ebeneezer Scrooge is infamous for his selfishness and disregard for the well-being of others such as Bob Cratchett and his family (barely paying him and not allowing him more than a day for Christmas). Scrooge’s partner, Jacob Marley, is damned for the same type of crimes. The only path to redemption for Ebeneezer is through helping others who are in need: giving food to the Cratchetts and caring for a sickly Tiny Tim. While Scrooge had a moral reason to help others, there was no Constitutional burden to do so. If the federal... ...ce call buttons more accessible to the public since many are willing to contact the law enforcement officials. Although Jerry and Elaine can not seem to provide more than a few jokes when seeing their fellow man in trouble, the majority of Americans seem to be willing to help. Despite several incidents to the contrary, the morals of most people will guide them. These less-talked-about occasions in which people called the police, yelled for help, or even tried to physically stop attackers outweigh the apathetic few. With these facts in mind, this law presents unacceptable violations of the freedom of liberty. Ultimately, then, Good Samaritan laws are both unnecessary and dangerous. Bibliography â€Å"Good Samaritan Laws are Questionable.† alt.politics.lawenforcenieflt.Ca.Com (12 October 1998) â€Å"Rapist-Murderer Case.† alt.adoption.com (03 September 1998).

Industrial Development and Western Expansion’s Effect on US Farmers Essay

True, the United States of America’s surge in industrial development and western expansion were indeed crucial factors that led to protests by farmers. This is evidenced by many different events that occurred during the time when industrialization was most in focus in the United States. This onset of industrial boom occurred some time between the 18th century and the 20th century. The fist thing that should be tackled here in order for one to understand the truth behind the initial statement of this essay is the Western United States. This refers to the westward expansion of the United States. Because of the demand for more land, the rich prairie lands of the west proved to be a lucrative source for larger areas of development. Many chose to pursue a life in the west and resided there. America’s expansion towards its west allowed more than 400 million acres of free land to be utilized for whatever purposes could be thought of by its new owners. This had numerous implications for the American citizen, most especially to the American farmer. Land became available in bulk over night. However, despite this availability, farmers and farm labor decreased by at least 30% during this stage. This decrease in production may have been due to the increase in individuals who could provide satisfaction to the market’s demand for agricultural products. Thus greater production also led to lower costs for the said products on the agricultural market. Farmers found themselves unable to compete with this change. The industrial development which had already begun at that time also contributed to this. Farmers found themselves unable to deal with industrialization. The industrialization of the agricultural industry meant new innovations, new machines. Some of these innovations included railroads which allowed the harvested agricultural products to reach the market more quickly. Other innovations such as the refrigerator allowed for preservation of the produce. Farm yields now reached more distant places but could also now be processed in factories to last longer. This meant that the farmers were up against a major competitor in the food industry, markets and globalization. Local family farms found themselves unable to keep up with the tide of new instruments. Although machines were available for them to work more efficiently such as the reaper, the steal plow, and the harvester, these were not enough for the greater capabilities of factories and national manufacturers. The marginalization of the individual farmer in the face of westward expansion and industrial development brought much distress and discontent. Protests were held and many voiced their frustration at the economical change that seemed to have happened over night. Farmer organizations such as The Grange and Farmers Alliance were established. These worked to demand regulations, protective tariffs, trade policies, conservative monetary policies and the like. It is clear from the evidence given that westward expansion and industrial development truly were factors in the protests of farmers. Whether these two issues proved to have good results in the long run is a different matter. It is sufficient to say that these caused much discontent in farmers at the time enough so that they rose in protest. References Cowan, Ruth Schwartz (1997) A Social History of American Technology, New York: Oxford University Press Hindle, B. & Lubar, S. (1986) Engines of change: the American industrial revolution, Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press Meyer, D. (1989). Midwestern industrialization and the american manufacturing belt in the ineteenth century. The Journal of Economic History, 49(4), 921-937 Shannon, F. (1950). The status of the midwestern farmer in 1900. The Mississippi Valley Historical Review, 37(3), 491-510

The existing business world - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1402 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Business Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? ABSTRACT: The existing business world endures on the information acknowledge and this is an important for an organization. Data should be saved properly so that it can be used easily for future access. To compete with the global competitors, providing best services and products in time and within given budget plus using the best way of delivery and production will make the organization as the fortune company in the world. All this is achieved by the managers only with the right decision at the right time. 1) Identify and discuss the challenges of decision making in organisations. Decision making is the processing of taking right decisions for the purpose of reaching the company goals. â€Å"It can defined in many ways, according to Simon Decision making process ranges from highly structured to highly unstructured decisions i.e., programmed to non programmed decisions, also described decision making process with intelligence, design, choice, and implementation phases†. Simon (1977). In the present business environment organisations must deal with Business intelligence and the decision support systems as they play a major role in organisation decision making and performance. All these complexities create business opportunities but at the same time they present a lot of challenges to the organisations. The arrival of globalisation and telecommunication in the organisations will interact with their customers and suppliers globally by increasing their relation with customer base and offering them with cheaper supplies and services. There is huge compet ition within the organisations because of the globalization. Decision making and problem solving are very important for a business. Problem solving involves decision making which is important for Management. Decision making requires creativity in identifying and developing options. Business in the present situation has become complex for the organisations due to Demanding consumers, globalisation, government regulation, high competition and changing markets. Most of the processes in the organisations are automated. All this has made decision making a tough task in Business environment for different organisations. To make the correct decision making in the present situation, managers should use appropriate tools with proper updates and right techniques. Organisation must understand the changes in the business and adapt to the changing environments quickly by making faster and good decisions. Main reasons for why decision making has become more difficult are as follows: Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The existing business world" essay for you Create order Usage of technology has increased the scope of potential choices. Factors that constantly change such as the government regulation, compliance, competition and consumer demands create uncertainty in the business environment. Quick decision making by using the trial and error method is not a good approach for making a right decision. Lack of collaboration is also a problem. Challenges like transparency and also the rivalries among the companies. Business environment factors are categorised into 4: Markets, consumer demands, technology, societal it emphasizes the complex factors to which organizations have to respond. To run an organisation in systematic way to achieve their goals, decision maker should analyse the complete resources and functions of his duty decision making should also include business intelligence for the performance of organization. Simon(1977) categorized decision making into four phases Intelligence phase, Design Phase, choice phase and implementation phase.(Page 53 of Turban et al.2007) 2) Describe how collaborative sharing of information and knowledge can occur within and across organisations through key enabling technologies. Every organisation has departments and employees. All the employees work in group and this helps in improving the productivity of the organisation. Employees working for the organisation, procedures and technologies followed by the organisations transversely affect the power of the organisation. Group decisions can be made easily and can be implemented faster as it is supported by the group members. Group decisions are generally made after obtaining the result from team meetings, opinions of the group and the judgements of the participants. All this process can give benefits or dysfunctions for the organisation. It is suggested to make the decisions in group meetings as the situation of the decision is also important. Group members can be at one place meeting face to face or there would be a virtual team. Teams can work at different places at different time zones, in such situations it would be hard to meet, they will have to communicate using proper technologies like team chats or the instant messaging provided on the intranet. Such tools are called the collaboration tools. Most of the organisations make use of the collaboration techniques and tools like virtual meetings as it helps in quick decision making and is cost effective. Communication for collaboration occurs using the internet, intranets and extranets. â€Å"Collaborative knowledge sharing is used by the companies to capture the knowledge in the heads of the employees and to improve the productivity of the organisation†. Tim Hughan Internet, Intranet and extranets are the technologies used to collaborate effectively. Intra organisational and extra organisational decision making is done through the usage of collaboration tools. Access to data, knowledge and information is made easier within and outside the organisation using the intranets, extranets and web based collaboration tools. Most widely used collaboration tools to improve collaboration within the organisation include VOIP voice over ip, collaboration hubs, wikis, collaborative flow and corporate portals. Communication, storage, collaboration and retrieval are the three kinds of technologies used to develop knowledge management systems.(Turban et al. 2007)Communication tools help the employees to access the required knowledge and to communicate with experts and there colleagues. Email, team chats, intranet, extranet and other web based tools help in communication among the employees. Collaboration technologies are useful to provide group work.â€Å"Groups can share the files and work on them at the same time. Storage and retrieval technologies use a database managements system for storing and retrieving the data. This works for explicit knowledge, but storing and managing data requires different tools†. Turban et al.2007 page 497). Collaboration tools that are used to share the knowledge among the group and virtual teams are Synchronous and Asynchronous. Group members support synch ronous or asynchronous or both to communicate with each other. In synchronous communication and collaboration are done by the participants in real time. Some examples for synchronous are Instant messaging (IM), Voice over ip(VOIP), Instant video, Video conferencing, multimedia conferencing, audio conferencing, brainstorming, polling and other decision support. In asynchronous the communication and collaboration are done by the participants at different time. Workspaces, auto responder, threaded discussions, Email, SMS, Activation of notification alerts via Email or SMS, use of bulletin boards, use of blogs, wikis, and wiki logs, chat session logs, design tools or collaborative planning, message sorting for users, discussion groups and bulletin boards are some of the examples for asynchronous collaboration. 3) How improved decision making through information and knowledge sharing can be incorporated and enabled in business intelligence systems. Advantage of business intelligence is to extract knowledge that will improve the business performance of an organisation. (Loshin 2003). Business intelligence defined by DATA Warehousing Institute (1999) explains the relationship between information, knowledge management and business intelligence. The process, technologies and tools required to turn data into information, information into knowledge and knowledge into plans that drive profitable business action. It helps in providing methods for extracting value from that knowledge by improving day to day operations and strategy performance in an organisation. Loshin (2003) gives a list of business intelligence applications which include human capital productivity analytics, customer analytics, business productivity Analytics, sales channel analytics, supply chain analytics and behaviour analytics. All of these applications depend on knowledge management. Business is realized only when organisation can action on shared knowledge to improve business performance. CONCLUSION: Business intelligence maintains the constant check on the organisations performance which helps the managers to see the dangers, opportunities, benefits and buy them some time to make better decisions. Proper use of information in planning and strategies will help organizations to promote its values which will ultimately help them in better decision making. REFFERENCE: Alan Champan, 1995-2010, Problem solving and decision making, viwed on 12th April 2010 https://www.businessballs.com/problemsolving.htm Tim Hughan, Mar 9th, 2009,collaborative knowledge, viewed on 10 April 2010https://www.blogcatalog.com/blogs/collaborative-knowledge-sharing.html Lecture slides on USQ study desk, module 3 slide 38. Turban, E, Aronson, J, Liang, TP, Sharda, R 2007, Decision support and business intelligence systems, 8th edn, Pearson Education, New Jersey. Loshin, D 2003, Business intelligence: the savvy managers guide: getting on board with emerging IT, Morgan Kaufmann Publications, San Francisco, pp. 1-17 Nathaniel 2008,â€Å"Organizational Network Analysis† viewed on 12 April 2010 https://www.welch-consulting.com/OrganizationalNetworkAnalysis.htm